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Over 425 million people are currently living with diabetes. Most, of the cases, are type 2 diabetes, which is largely preventable, through regular physical activity, a healthy and balanced diet, and a healthy living environment.
The most common non-communicable disease affecting India today is Diabetes Mellitus. It is a metabolic disorder, in which an individual has an increased level of blood sugar.
As per research, it currently affects an estimated 143 million people worldwide and the number is growing rapidly.
In India, about 5 percent of the population suffers from diabetes. Diabetes can be regarded as a potential epidemic in India with more than 62 million diabetic individuals currently diagnosed with the disease.
Diabetes Mellitus describes a group of metabolic diseases in which the person has high blood glucose (blood sugar), either because pancreatic hormones production is inadequate, or because the body’s cells do not respond properly to blood glucose hormone or both.
Patients with high blood sugar will typically experience frequent urination, they will become increasingly thirsty and hungry.
Wockhardt Hospitals, a chain of tertiary care super-specialty hospitals has more than 25 years of experience in the creation and management of Super Specialty Hospitals in India.
At Wockhardt Hospital our Endocrinology department, Diabetes and Weight Management Centre at Wockhardt Hospital treats various endocrine disorders. The division has an integrated multi-disciplinary model for providing comprehensive management of the entire range of endocrine conditions.
Our team is also actively involved in ongoing research for diabetes and other endocrine disorders. These disorders are investigated and treated by our endocrinologist at Wockhardt Hospital.
Type1 diabetes:
The body does not produce pancreatic hormones. People with type 1 need to take tablets every day regularly for life long.
Type2 diabetes:
The body does not make or use pancreatic hormones well. People with type 2 often need to take tablets. It is a common form of diabetes.
Imbalance in pancreatic hormone is known to be the major cause of diabetes. Other causes are:
- Genetic defects of β-cell function
- Exocrine pancreatic defects
- Growth hormone excess
- Infections
- Drugs
- Stress and lifestyle
- Pregnancy (gestational diabetes)
- Side effects of medications such as steroids and blood pressure medications
- Injury to pancreas
- Other causes could be an autoimmune disease, & hypertension,
- Uncontrolled cholesterol
- Alcohol and Smoking
- Sedentary lifestyle and age
1) Fasting blood sugar and Post Prandial blood sugar level. A Normal fasting blood glucose is between 70 and 110 mg/dl.
A person is said to be diabetic if his fasting blood glucose level of 126 mg/dl we say he is crossed the borderline and if the random blood glucose level is 200 mg/dl.
2) Another accurate test to measure is Glycosylated hemoglobin, or HbA1c, in the blood. This test determines blood glucose control for the past 3 months.
When it comes to the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, doctors primarily suggest making lifestyle changes to ensure life. It is also true that type 2 diabetes can be cured with weight-loss surgery.
There is no cure for type 1 diabetes
- General treatment involves medicines, diet, and exercise that control blood sugar level and prevent symptoms and problems
- Controlled diet
- Type 1 diabetes is generally treated with combinations of regular and NPH.
- Physical exercise
- Medication
- Bariatric surgery: Gastric banding – A band of special material (Silastic band) is placed around the upper end of the stomach. This creates a small pouch and narrow passage into the rest of the stomach.
- Sleeve gastrectomy – In this surgery, approximately 80 percent of the stomach is removed laparoscopically with the help of staplers so that the stomach takes the shape of a tube or “sleeve”.
Some tips on a diabetic diet are:
- Reduce sugar and intake, low carbohydrate diet
- Have smaller meals and spread out over the day
- Eating a variety of whole-grain foods, fruits, and vegetables
- Taking diabetic medicine in proper dosage and time
- Monitoring your blood glucose at home if necessary
- Carrying out laboratory tests as prescribed for a status of blood sugar.
Living with diabetes can be difficult. You need to take full control of your diabetes. It’s in your hands to make it better.
